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<div id="dev-warning" class="admonition note">
  <p class="first admonition-title">Notice</p>
  <p class="last">This document is for a development version of Ceph.</p>
</div>
  <div id="docubetter" align="right" style="padding: 5px; font-weight: bold;">
    <a href="https://pad.ceph.com/p/Report_Documentation_Bugs">Report a Documentation Bug</a>
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  <div class="section" id="cephfs">
<h1>CephFS 快速入门<a class="headerlink" href="#cephfs" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>开始实践 <a class="reference internal" href="../../../glossary/#term-18"><span class="xref std std-term">Ceph 文件系统</span></a>入门前，必须先完成<a class="reference external" href="../quick-ceph-deploy">存储集群入门</a>。在管理节点上完成此入门。</p>
<div class="section" id="id1">
<h2>准备工作<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<ol class="arabic">
<li><p>确认下你的内核版本没问题，详情见<a class="reference external" href="../../../start/os-recommendations">操作系统推荐</a>。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">lsb_release</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">a</span>
<span class="n">uname</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">r</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>在管理节点上，用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph-deploy</span></code> 把 Ceph 安装到
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph-client</span></code> 节点上。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">deploy</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">client</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p>Optionally, if you want a FUSE-mounted file system, you would need to
install <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph-fuse</span></code> package as well.</p></li>
<li><p>确保 <a class="reference internal" href="../../../glossary/#term-7"><span class="xref std std-term">Ceph 存储集群</span></a>在运行，且在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">active</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">clean</span></code>
状态。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">monitor</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">ip</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="p">}]</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">k</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">admin</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">keyring</span><span class="p">}]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="section" id="deploy-metadata-server">
<h2>Deploy Metadata Server<a class="headerlink" href="#deploy-metadata-server" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>All metadata operations in CephFS happen via a metadata server, so you need at
least one metadata server. Execute the following to create a metadata server:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">deploy</span> <span class="n">mds</span> <span class="n">create</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">deploy</span> <span class="n">mds</span> <span class="n">create</span> <span class="n">node1</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Now, your Ceph cluster would look like this:</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id2">
<h2>创建文件系统<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>你虽然已创建元数据服务器（<a class="reference external" href="../quick-ceph-deploy">存储集群入门</a>），但如果你没有创建存储池和文件系统的话它是不会活动的，参见 <a class="reference internal" href="../../../cephfs/createfs/"><span class="doc">创建 Ceph 文件系统</span></a> 。</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="n">create</span> <span class="n">cephfs_data</span> <span class="mi">32</span>
<span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="n">create</span> <span class="n">cephfs_meta</span> <span class="mi">32</span>
<span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">fs</span> <span class="n">new</span> <span class="n">mycephfs</span> <span class="n">cephfs_meta</span> <span class="n">cephfs_data</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>In case you have multiple Ceph applications and/or have multiple
CephFSs on the same cluster, it would be easier to name your pools as
&lt;application&gt;.&lt;fs-name&gt;.&lt;pool-name&gt;. In that case, the above pools would
be named as cephfs.mycehfs.data and cephfs.mycehfs.meta.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="quick-word-about-pools-and-pgs">
<h3>Quick word about Pools and PGs<a class="headerlink" href="#quick-word-about-pools-and-pgs" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<div class="section" id="replication-number-pool-size">
<h4>Replication Number/Pool Size<a class="headerlink" href="#replication-number-pool-size" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
<p>Since the default replication number/size is 3, you’d need 3 OSDs to get
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">active+clean</span></code> for all PGs. Alternatively, you may change the replication
number for the pool to match the number of OSDs:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">cephfs_data</span> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">number</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">of</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osds</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">cephfs_meta</span> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">number</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">of</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">osds</span><span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Usually, setting <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pg_num</span></code> to 32 gives a perfectly healthy cluster. To pick
appropriate value for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pg_num</span></code>, refer <a class="reference external" href="../../../rados/operations/placement-groups">Placement Group</a>. You can also use
pg_autoscaler plugin instead. Introduced by Nautilus release, it can
automatically increase/decrease value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pg_num</span></code>; refer the
<a class="reference external" href="../../../rados/operations/placement-groups">Placement Group</a> to find out more about it.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="when-all-osds-are-on-the-same-node">
<h4>When all OSDs are on the same node…<a class="headerlink" href="#when-all-osds-are-on-the-same-node" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
<p>And, in case you have deployed all of the OSDs on the same node, you would need
to create a new CRUSH rule to replicate data across OSDs and set the rule on the
CephFS pools, since the default CRUSH rule is to replicate data across
different nodes:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">crush</span> <span class="n">rule</span> <span class="n">create</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">replicated</span> <span class="n">rule_foo</span> <span class="n">default</span> <span class="n">osd</span>
<span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">cephfs_data</span> <span class="n">crush_rule</span> <span class="n">rule_foo</span>
<span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">cephfs_meta</span> <span class="n">crush_rule</span> <span class="n">rule_foo</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="using-erasure-coded-pools">
<h4>Using Erasure Coded pools<a class="headerlink" href="#using-erasure-coded-pools" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
<p>You may also use Erasure Coded pools which can be more effecient and
cost-saving since they allow stripping object data across OSDs and
replicating these stripes with encoded redundancy information. The number
of OSDs across which the data is stripped is <cite>k</cite> and number of replica is <cite>m</cite>.
You’ll need to pick up these values before creating CephFS pools. The
following commands create a erasure code profile, creates a pool that’ll
use it and then enables it on the pool:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">erasure</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">code</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">profile</span> <span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">ec</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">42</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">profile</span> <span class="n">k</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="n">crush</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">failure</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">domain</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">host</span> <span class="n">crush</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">device</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ssd</span>
<span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="n">create</span> <span class="n">cephfs_data_ec42</span> <span class="mi">64</span> <span class="n">erasure</span> <span class="n">ec</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">42</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">profile</span>
<span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">osd</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="nb">set</span> <span class="n">cephfs_data_ec42</span> <span class="n">allow_ec_overwrites</span> <span class="n">true</span>
<span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="n">fs</span> <span class="n">add_data_pool</span> <span class="n">mycephfs</span> <span class="n">cephfs_data_ec42</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can also mark directories so that they are only stored on certain pools:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">setfattr</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dir</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">layout</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">v</span> <span class="n">pool</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cephfs_data_ec42</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mycephfs</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">logs</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This way you can choose the replication strategy for each directory on your
Ceph file system.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Erasure Coded pools can not be used for CephFS metadata pools.</p>
</div>
<p>Erasure coded pool were introduced in Firefly and could be used directly by
CephFS Luminous onwards. Refer <a class="reference external" href="https://ceph.io/community/new-luminous-erasure-coding-rbd-cephfs/">this article</a>
by Sage Weil to understand EC, it’s background, limitations and other details
in Ceph’s context. Read more about <a class="reference external" href="../../../rados/operations/erasure-code">Erasure Code</a> here.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="mounting-the-file-system">
<h2>Mounting the File System<a class="headerlink" href="#mounting-the-file-system" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id3">
<h2>用内核驱动<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The command to mount CephFS using kernel driver looks like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">mount</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">t</span> <span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="p">:{</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mounted</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">mount</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">o</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">user</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">mount</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">t</span> <span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="o">/</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mycephfs</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">o</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">admin</span>   <span class="c1"># usable version</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">{path-to-be-mounted}</span></code> is the path within CephFS that will be mounted,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">{mount-point}</span></code> is the point in your file system upon which CephFS will be
mounted and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">{user-name}</span></code> is the name of CephX user that has the
authorization to mount CephFS on the machine. Following command is the
extended form, however these extra details are automatically figured out by
by the mount.ceph helper program:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">mount</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">t</span> <span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ip</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">of</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">MON</span><span class="p">}:{</span><span class="n">port</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">number</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">of</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">MON</span><span class="p">}:{</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">be</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mounted</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">o</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">user</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">},</span><span class="n">secret</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">secret</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">mount</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you have multiple file systems on your cluster you would need to pass
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fs={fs-name}</span></code> option to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-o</span></code> option to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mount</span></code> command:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">mount</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">t</span> <span class="n">ceph</span> <span class="p">:</span><span class="o">/</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">kcephfs2</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">o</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">admin</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">fs</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mycephfs2</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Refer <a class="reference external" href="../../../man/8/mount.ceph">mount.ceph man page</a> and <a class="reference external" href="../../../cephfs/mount-using-kernel-driver">Mount CephFS using Kernel Driver</a> to read
more about this.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="fuse">
<h2>用 FUSE<a class="headerlink" href="#fuse" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>To mount CephFS using FUSE (Filesystem in User Space) run:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">fuse</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mycephfs</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To mount a particular directory within CephFS you can use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-r</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">fuse</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">r</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">be</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">mounted</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mycephfs</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you have multiple file systems on your cluster you would need to pass
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--client_fs</span> <span class="pre">{fs-name}</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ceph-fuse</span></code> command:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">ceph</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">fuse</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mnt</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">mycephfs2</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">client_fs</span> <span class="n">mycephfs2</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Refer <a class="reference external" href="../../../man/8/ceph-fuse">ceph-fuse man page</a> and <a class="reference external" href="../../../cephfs/mount-using-fuse">Mount CephFS using FUSE</a> to read more about
this.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Mount the CephFS file system on the admin node, not the server node.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id4">
<h2>额外信息<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>额外信息见 <a class="reference external" href="../../../cephfs/">CephFS</a> 。如果遇到问题请参考<a class="reference external" href="../../../cephfs/troubleshooting">故障排除</a>。</p>
</div>
</div>



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